Logging in:
1. enter username
2. enter password
Exiting:
1. From the Sessions Manager select End Session
Starting EMACS:
1. From the Sessions Manager select EMACS
Mail:
1. From the Sessions Manager select MAIL
.profile -- has paths in it, if you need to add any paths
man [command] gives the manual reference for command
telenet [address] sign on to a
remote computer
ftp [address] sign onto a local or remote host
nslookup [machine number] looksup
the machine number given the machine name
traceroute [machine name or number] looksup the machine name
given the machine number
ps aux | grep [username] gives process and numbers of user
df -k size left on hard drive
du -sk size of own dir
kill -9 [process number] kills that process
export DISPLAY=[machine name]:0 to display graphs, etc. at on the machine you are actually logged onto when you are doing a rlogin to another machine
ls -a list all
ls -d list dir
ls -F list with symbol and link
ls -c list in cloumn format
ls -l lists files in long format
ls doc lists all files in the doc dir
cd .. change dir to parent of
current dir
cd to users home dir
cd / to root dir
cd [doc] change to subdir doc
cd [path] change current dir
mkdir [dname] make a dir named
dname
rmdir [dname] removes dir dname (dir must be empty)
pwd reports path of working dir
passwd to change password locally
yppasswd to change password on all machines you have an account
on
cp [file1 file2] copy a file named
file1 to file2
cp [/h/file1 file1] copy file1 in dir h to current dir
cp [file1 gg/file1] copy file1 in current dir to dir gg
mv [file1 file2] moves a file named
file1 to file2 (renames f1)
mv [/f/markov/bin/doc1 /h/toplitz/bin/sub1] removes file doc1
from dir /f/markov/bin to dir /h/toeplitz/bin and names it sub1
mv [dir/* dir2] removes all files from dir1 and places them in
dir2
who shows users logged on, with
site information
finger [username@inter.net.address] to see if user is logged
on, read mail, etc. f [username@inter.net.address] for short hand; without
internet address it is at your machine.
finger [@inter.net.address] lists everyone logged on at that
time
grep -v [string] [filename] looks for everything in file except
string
ping [machine name or address] tells if machine is up
lpr [filename.ext] to print file
lpq to check the print queue
lprm [job number] to remove job number
lpr -m [filename.ext] to print file and send you an e-mail
message when it is done printing
gzip [filename.ext] to compress a
file
gzip -9 [filename.ext] to compress a file to compress the most
(not reccomended for pictures)
gunzip [filename.gz] to uncompress to compress the most
compress [filename] compress filename as filename.Z; the
compressed file is binary, it may be uuencoded
uncompress [filename.Z] restores filename and takes away the .Z
uuencode [filename.ext filename.ext > filename.uu] to encode
the file
uudecode [filename.uu] to decode the uuencoded file
tar -cvf [filename.tar dir1]
combines all files in directory dir1 and stores them in filename.tar
tar -xvf [filename.tar] extracts (restores) dir1 and all of its
files
zmore [filename.gz] to view compressed file and works with
normal files
zgrep [filename.gz] works like grep with compressed files and
normal files
find ~ -name ["filename*"] gives the dir location of
the file; need to use"" for wildcards
whoami tells you the username of the account you are on
rm [filename] deletes a file
spell [filename1 > filename2]
checks a filename1 against a speller and places incorrectly spelled words in
filename2
history shows the previous commands in numaric order
chmod [person action attribute]
|
Person |
Action |
Attribute |
|
a all |
+ add |
r read |
|
u user |
|
w write |
|
g group |
- remove |
x excute |
|
o others |
|
t open |
|
chmod [a+r filename1] adds read access to filename1 for
all users |